A port is a physical docking point using which an external device can
be connected to the computer. It can also be programmatic docking point
through which information flows from a program to the computer or over
the Internet.
Characteristics of Ports
A port has the following characteristics −
- External devices are connected to a computer using cables and ports.
- Ports are slots on the motherboard into which a cable of external device is plugged in.
- Examples of external devices attached via ports are the mouse, keyboard, monitor, microphone, speakers, etc.
Let us now discuss a few important types of ports −
Serial Port
- Used for external modems and older computer mouse
- Two versions: 9 pin, 25 pin model
- Data travels at 115 kilobits per second
Parallel Port
- Used for scanners and printers
- Also called printer port
- 25 pin model
- IEEE 1284-compliant Centronics port
PS/2 Port
- Used for old computer keyboard and mouse
- Also called mouse port
- Most of the old computers provide two PS/2 port, each for the mouse and keyboard
- IEEE 1284-compliant Centronics port
Universal Serial Bus (or USB) Port
- It can connect all kinds of external USB devices such as external hard disk, printer, scanner, mouse, keyboard, etc.
- It was introduced in 1997.
- Most of the computers provide two USB ports as minimum.
- Data travels at 12 megabits per seconds.
- USB compliant devices can get power from a USB port.
VGA Port
- Connects monitor to a computer's video card.
- It has 15 holes.
- Similar to the serial port connector. However, serial port connector has pins, VGA port has holes.
Power Connector
- Three-pronged plug.
- Connects to the computer's power cable that plugs into a power bar or wall socket.
Firewire Port
- Transfers large amount of data at very fast speed.
- Connects camcorders and video equipment to the computer.
- Data travels at 400 to 800 megabits per seconds.
- Invented by Apple.
- It has three variants: 4-Pin FireWire 400 connector, 6-Pin FireWire 400 connector, and 9-Pin FireWire 800 connector.
Modem Port
- Connects a PC's modem to the telephone network.
Ethernet Port
- Connects to a network and high speed Internet.
- Connects the network cable to a computer.
- This port resides on an Ethernet Card.
- Data travels at 10 megabits to 1000 megabits per seconds depending upon the network bandwidth.
Game Port
- Connect a joystick to a PC
- Now replaced by USB
Digital Video Interface, DVI port
- Connects Flat panel LCD monitor to the computer's high-end video graphic cards.
- Very popular among video card manufacturers.
Sockets
- Sockets connect the microphone and speakers to the sound card of the computer.
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