A computer network is a system in which multiple computers are connected to each other to share information and resources.
Characteristics of a Computer Network
- Share resources from one computer to another.
- Create files and store them in one computer, access those files from the other computer(s) connected over the network.
- Connect a printer, scanner, or a fax machine to one computer within the network and let other computers of the network use the machines available over the network.
Following is the list of hardware's required to set up a computer network.
- Network Cables
- Distributors
- Routers
- Internal Network Cards
- External Network Cards
Network Cables
Network cables are used to connect computers. The most commonly used cable is Category 5 cable RJ-45.
Distributors
A computer can be connected to another one via a serial port but if
we need to connect many computers to produce a network, this serial
connection will not work.
The solution is to use a central body to which other computers,
printers, scanners, etc. can be connected and then this body will manage
or distribute network traffic.
Router
A router is a type of device which acts as the central point among
computers and other devices that are a part of the network. It is
equipped with holes called ports. Computers and other devices are
connected to a router using network cables. Now-a-days router comes in
wireless modes using which computers can be connected without any
physical cable.
Network Card
Network card is a necessary component of a computer without which a
computer cannot be connected over a network. It is also known as the
network adapter or Network Interface Card (NIC). Most branded computers
have network card pre-installed. Network cards are of two types:
Internal and External Network Cards.
Internal Network Cards
Motherboard has a slot for internal network card where it is to be
inserted. Internal network cards are of two types in which the first
type uses Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) connection, while the
second type uses Industry Standard Architecture (ISA). Network cables
are required to provide network access.
External Network Cards
External network cards are of two types: Wireless and USB based.
Wireless network card needs to be inserted into the motherboard, however
no network cable is required to connect to the network.
Universal Serial Bus (USB)
USB card is easy to use and connects via USB port. Computers
automatically detect USB card and can install the drivers required to
support the USB network card automatically.
See more on Computer Tutorial
Computer Overview
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